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ef that there were underlying rules which could be discovered. The nature of those rules differed from one theorist to the next.

Jeremy Bentham's utilitarianism is based on the perception that the human being is governed by the opposing principles of pleasure and pain: "It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do, as well as to determine what we shall do" (Bentham 107). Bentham offers the principle of utility a

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